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CONTENTS.
Dr. JAMES BRYCE on the Granite of Strath-Errick, Lough Ness..
on the Earthquake Districts of Scotland.....
xi
Page
Dr. JAMES CROLL on the Tidal-Retardation Argument for the Age of the Earth 88
Mr. C. E. DE RANCE on the Variation in Thickness of the Middle Coal Mea- .'
sures of the Wigan Coal-field
Dr. ANTON FRITSCH on Labyrinthodont Remains from the Upper Carbonifer-
ous (Gas-Coal) of Bohemia
Mr. GEORGE A. GIBSON on the Physical Geology and Geological Structure of
Foula......
Dr. GILCHRIST on the Red Soil of India...
89
90
Professors HARKNESS and A. H. NICHOLSON on the Strata and Fossils between
the Borrowdaile Series of the Coniston Flags of the North of England .... 90
Professor EDWARD HULL on the Upper Limit of the essentially Marine Beds
of the Carboniferous System of the British Isles, and the necessity for the
establishment of a Middle Carboniferous Group...
on a Deep Boring for Coal at Scarle, near Lincoln.. 91
Mr. R. L. JACK on Tertiary Basalt-rock Dykes in Scotland......
Dr. VON LASAULX on some New Minerals, and on Doubly-refracting Garnets. 92
Mr. G. A. LEBOUR on the Changes affecting the Southern Extension of the
Lowest Carboniferous Rocks.....
Mr. J. MACFADZEAN on the Parallel Roads of Glen Roy.
Dr. DAVID MILNE-HOME on the Parallel Roads of Glen Roy.
Linlithgow ...
on High-level Terraces in Carron Valley, County of
Mr. W. S. MITCHELL on the Bagshot Peat-Beds
Mr. C. W. PEACH on Circinnate Vernation of Sphenopteris affinis from the
Earliest Stage to Completion; and on the Discovery of Staphylopteris, a
Genus new to British Rocks ...
Dr. F. RÖMER on the Mountain Limestone of the West Coast of Sumatra.... Mr. R. RUSSELL and Mr. J. V. HOLMES on the Raised Beach on the Cumber- land Coast, between Whitehaven and Bowness
Rev. E. SEWELL on the Drifts and Boulders of the upper part of the Valley of
the Wharfe, Yorkshire ...
Dr. R. SLIMON on the Upper Silurian Rocks of Lesmahagow
Mr. J. E. TAYLOR on the Age, Fauna, and Mode of Occurrence of the Phos-
phorite Deposits of the South of France
Professor JAMES THOMSON on Ridgy Structure in Coal, with Suggestions for
accounting for its Origin........
on further Illustrations of the Jointed Prismatic
Structure in Basalts and other Igneous Rocks.
Mr. WILLIAM A. TRAILL on certain pre-Carboniferous and Metamorphosed
Trap-dykes and the Associated Rocks of North Mayo, Ireland
Mr. H. WILLETT on the Sub-Wealden Exploration
Professor W. C. WILLIAMSON on Recent Researches into the Organization of
some of the Plants of the Coal-measures
Mr. E. A. WÜNSCH on the Junction of Granite and Old Red Sandstone at
Corrie and Glen Sannox, Arran...
Mr. JOHN YOUNG on Siliceous Sponges from the Carboniferous Limestone near
Glasgow
BIOLOGY.
Address by ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE, F.R.G.S., F.L.S., President of the
Section
93
BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY.
Prof. ALFRED NEWTON'S Address to the Department of Botany and Zoology. 119
Dr. I. BAYLEY BALFOUR on the Pandanes of the Mascarene and Seychelles
Islands
......
142
Mr. G. S. BOULGER on the Evolution of Sex in the Vegetable Kingdom .... 142
Professor ALEXANDER DICKSON on Two Monstrosities of Matricaria inodora. 143
on Laticiferous Canals in Fruit of Limno-
charis Plumieri..
144
Mr. A. G. MORE on the Occurrence in Ireland of Nuphar intermedium, Ledeb. 144
exhibition of Zostera nana from Carnarvonshire ... 144
Professor W. R. M'NAB, exhibition of Choreocholax polysiphoniæ, Reinsch 144
on the Structure of the Leaf in different Species of
Abies.
Earliest stage to Completion, and on the discovery of Staphylopteris, a Genus
new to British Rocks..
145
Professor W. C. WILLIAMSON on some of the Physiological and Morphological
Features seen in the Plants of the Coal-measures
Professor A. LEITH ADAMS on Gigantic Land-Tortoises and a Freshwater
Species from the Maltese Caverns, with observations on their Fossil Fauna. 145
Dr. W. B. CARPENTER on the Arenaceous Foraminifera collected in the
Valorous' Expedition
146
on Further Researches on the Nervous System of
Antedon rosaceus (Comatula rosacea, Lamk.)
Mr. P. HERBERT CARPENTER on the Anatomy of the Arms of the Crinoids.. 146
Dr. D. J. CUNNINGHAM on Delphinus albirostris. . . . . . .
Professor FERDINAND COHN on the Formation and Growth of Artificial Silica
Cells
.....
Dr. N. CARMICHAEL on Spontaneous Evolution and the Germ Theory.
Dr. J. GWYN JEFFREYS on the Biological Results of a Cruise in H.M.S.
'Valorous' to Davis Strait in 1875
147
Rev. F. O. MORRIS on a Double Dilemma in Darwinism
Mr. JOHN MURRAY on Oceanic Deposits and their Origin, based on Observa-
tions made on board H.M.S. 'Challenger'...
Professor J. YOUNG on the new Cases in the Hunterian Museum
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY.
Dr. JOHN GREY M'KENDRICK on the Future of Physiological Research.-
Address to the Department of Anatomy and Physiology
126
Mr. F. M. BALFOUR on the Development of the Proto-Vertebræ in Elasmo-
branchs....
Mr. H. G. BROOKE and Mr. E. O. HOPWOOD on the Changes in the Circu-
lation which are induced when the Blood is expelled from the Limbs by
Esmarch's Method ..
Dr. W. B. CARPENTER on the Morphology and Histology of the Nervous
System of Antedon rosaceus (Comatula rosacea, Lamk.).......
148
Dr. CASSELLS on a Hypothesis of the perception of Articulate Speech.... .. 148
Professor CLELAND on the Morphological Relations of the Lower End of the
Humerus
on a Hydrocephalic Skull, and on the Duplicity of the Tem-
poral Ridge
149
Dr. D. J. CUNNINGHAM on the Spinal Nervous System of the Cetacea
Professor DEWAR on Recent additional Observations on the Physiological
Action of Sight
...
........
Professor ARTHUR GAMGEE and LEOPOLD LARMUTH on the Action of Vana-
diam upon the Intrinsic Nervous Mechanism of the Frog's Heart
, JOHN PRIESTLEY, and LEOPOLD LARMUTH on the
Difference in the Poisonous Activity of Phosphorus in Ortho-, Meta-, and
Pyrophosphoric Acids....
151
... 151
on the
152
Action of Pyrophosphoric Acid on the Circulation.
Mr. ROBERT GARNER on the Brain of the Canidæ..
Mr. C. O. GROOM NAPIER on the Unwholesomeness of Flesh Diet in Tropical
Climates
....
153
ERNEST HAECKEL über die Physemarien (Haliphysema und Gastrophysema). 153
Surgeon-Major JOHNSTON on the Dynamics of the Racial Diet in India...... 154
Mr. CHARLES THOMAS KINGZETT on the Action of Alcohol on the Brain.... 154
Mr. LEOPOLD LARMUTH on the Poisonous Activity of Vanadium in Ortho-,
Meta-, and Pyrovanadic Acids
Dr. PATON on the Action and Sounds of the Heart
Mr. JOHN PRIESTLEY on the Physiological Action of Vanadium.
155
on the Physiological Action of Chromium.
156
Dr. URBAN PRITCHARD on the Termination of the Nerves in the Vestibule and
Semicircular Canals of Mammals
on a Microscope adapted for showing the Circulation
158
in the Human Subject
Mr. GEORGE J. ROMANES on the Physiology of the Nervous System of Medusa 158
Professor BURDON SANDERSON on the Electrical Phenomena consequent on
Irritation of the Leaves of the Fly-Trap (Dionea muscipula)
Dr. WILLIAM STIRLING on the Nervous Apparatus of the Lungs
Professor STRUTHERS on Finger-muscles found in the Greenland-Right
Whale
Professor W. TURNER on the Structure of the Placenta in relation to the
Theory of Evolution
163
Mr. J. A. WANKLYN on the Effects of the Mineral Substances in Drinking-
Water on the Health of the Community ...
ANTHROPOLOGY.
Mr. ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE'S Address
100
General Sir J. ALEXANDER on the Oldest Woman in Scotland
Rev. Mr. CAMERON on the Relation of Gaelic and English
Mr. HYDE CLARKE on the Prehistoric Names for Man, Monkey, Lizard, &c. . 165
- on Hittite, Khita, Hamath, Canaanite, Lydian, Etruscan,
Peruvian, Mexican, &c.
Mr. J. PARK HARRISON on the Eastern Picture-writing
165
Mr. BERTRAM F. HARTSHORNE on the Rodiyas of Ceylon ...
Mr. W. J. KNOWLES on the Classification of Arrow-heads
Mr. H. v. HUMBOLDT V. D. HORCK on the Laplanders and People of the North
of Europe..
Captain J. S. HAY and Commander CAMERON on Horned Men of Akkem, in
Africa
166
Mr. HECTOR MACLEAN on the Gaelic Inhabitants of Scotland
on the Anglicizing and Gaelicizing of Surnames
Mr. KERRY NICHOLS on Explorations in the Islands of the Coral Sea....
Mr. W. PENGELLY on an Urn from Chudleigh, Devon.....
169
Mr. J. S. PHENE on Relics of Totemism in Scotland in Historic Times...... 169
on the Arthurian Apple and the Serpent of the Ancients .. 169
Mr. JAMES SHAW on Right-handedness
167
Period
on the Mental Progress of Animals during the Human
Dr. ALLEN THOMSON on two Skulls from the Andaman Islands..
GEOGRAPHY.
... 181
Address by F. J. EVANS, C.B., F.R.S., Captain R.N., President of the Section 169
Mr. A. BOWDEN on a new Route to the Sources of the Niger.....
Mr. J. Y. BUCHANAN on the Specific Gravity of the Surface-water of the Ocean,
as observed during the Cruise of H.M.S. Challenger'
on a new Deep-sea Thermometer.
181
Commander V. L. CAMERON on his Journey through Equatorial Africa .. 181
Signor G. E. CERRUTI on his Recent Explorations in N.W. New Guinea.... 182
Lieutenant W. H. CHIPPENDALL on the White Nile between Gondokoro and
Appuddo
Mr. W. BARRINGTON D'ALMEIDA on Perak and Salangore...
182
Mr. SANDFORD FLEMING on the Conventional Division of Time now in use,
and its Disadvantages in connexion with Steam Communications in different
parts of the World; with Remarks on the desirability of adopting Common
Time over the Globe for Railways and Steam-Ships.
Professor FORBES on the Site of the Grave of Genghiz Khan
Dr. LITTON FORBES on the Samoan Archipelago
183
Captain J. S. HAY on Akem and its People, West Africa
Mr. J. MURRAY on the Geological Distribution of Oceanic Deposits
Mr. KERRY NICHOLS on the Islands of the Coral Sea
Rev. J. PATERSON on a Journey across Finland, from Ellenborg to Archangel
via Kemi
Colonel R. L. PLAYFAIR on Travels in Tunis in the Footsteps of Bruce...... 183
Professor PORTER on some Points of Interest in the Physical Conformation and
Antiquities of the Jordan Valley ....
184
Mr. A. SIMSON on the River Putumayo or Içá, South America
Mr. OCTAVIUS STONE on his Recent Journeys in New Guinea....
Staff-Commander TIZARD on the Temperature obtained in the Atlantic Ocean
during the Cruise of H.M.S.' Challenger'
185
ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND STATISTICS.
Address by Sir GEORGE CAMPBELL, K.C.S.I., M.P., D.C.L., President of the
Economic Section
Mr. WILLIAM BOTLY on Agricultural Statistics...
Rev. JOHN S. BURT on the Economy of Penalties..
Rev. AARON BUSACOTT on the present extent of Slavery and the Slave Trade,
with a reference to the Progress of Abolition since the close of the American
War
186
194
195
... 196
Mr. ALEXANDER M'NEEL CAIRD on some Special Evils of the Scottish Poor
Law
197
Mr. HYDE CLARKE on the part in the Operation of Capital due to Fixed or
Limited Amounts invested in Trade.....
198
Mr. ST. JOHN V. DAY on recent attempts at Patent Legislation
Dr. W. NEILSON HANCOCK on the Importance of extending the British Gold
Standard, with subordinate Silver Coins, to India as a remedy for the incon-
venience in India of a rapid Depreciation of Silver
on Savings' Banks as a State Function developed
by Charity Organization.
199
Mr. J. HEYWOOD on the Memorial of Eminent Scientific Gentlemen in
favour of a Permanent Scientific Museum
Mr. J. MATHESON, Junr., on the Silver Dilemma..
Mr. R. W. PITCHER on Overcrowding in Liverpool
Mr. STEPHEN MASON on the Depreciation of Silver and a Gold Standard for
India.....
Dr. WILLIAM JACK on the Results of Five Years of Compulsory Education . 200
Mr. HENRY JEPHSON on the Valuation of Property in Ireland
Mr. W. JOLLY on Physical Education and Hygiene in Schools
Rev. Dr. M'CANN on the Organization of Original Research
Don ARTURO DE MARCOARTU on Spanish Mining
Rev. W. Ross on the Educational Value of their Native Language to the
Gaelic-speaking Population of Scotland ...
208
Mr. F. RUSSELL on Sheriff Courts and Relative Judicial Statistics
Mr. JAMES STEPHENSON on the Civilization of South-Eastern Africa
Mr. P. M. TAIT on the Theory and Practice of Accident Insurance by Sea and
Land....
Mr. W. TULLACK on the Boarding-out of Pauper Children in England.
Rev. R. THOMSON on the Prevention of the Pollution of Rivers....
Rev. F. S. TURNER on the Statistics of the Indian Opium Revenue
209
210
MECHANICAL SCIENCE.
Address by CHARLES W. MERRIFIELD, F.R.S., President of the Section .... 211
Major BEAUMONT on the Removal of Subaqueous Rocks by the Diamond
Rock-borer
... 219
Mr. M. BERGERON on the Removal of Sand-bars from Harbour-mouths
.... 219
Mr. J. B. BEYNON on a Hand-machine for Shaping and Finishing Metal Sur-
faces
219
Mr. A. B. BROWN on a Flanging-iron and Steel Plates for Boiler purposes .. 219
on an Engine for Starting and Reversing large Marine
Engines.