persons employed during the night shall be employed during either the preceding or succeeding day, and that no male young person shall be employed more than six nights in any fortnight.

For the purposes of the last-mentioned provision, night shall mean any time between six o'clock in the afternoon of one day and six o'clock of the morning of the following day.

8. So much of this Act as forbids the employment of young persons and women on any Saturday after two o'clock of the afternoon shall not apply to male young persons employed in day and night turns, changing every alternate week, nor in any week to any woman or young person whose hours of actual work have not in any day in such week exceeded eight.

9. The said Secretary of State, on proof to his satisfaction that the customs or exigencies of trade, or any other special circumstances, require the alteration to be made, may, by order to be advertised in the London Gazette, or otherwise published in such manner as the Secretary of State may think fit, give permission, with respect to any particular workshop or class of workshops, for all or any of the following things; namely :—

(1) That children, young persons, or women may be employed between two and eight o'clock in the afternoon on Saturday, provided that in any such workshop or workshops arrangements are made to the satisfaction of the said Secretary of State for giving on some workday in every week to every child, young person, or woman employed a half-holiday of equal length, either at the beginning or at the end of their day's work; or

(2) That in any workshop in which it is proved to his satisfaction that work does not commence before the hours of seven or eight in the morning, children, young persons, and women may be employed on Saturday, or on any other day on which the weekly half-holiday is given, from the hours of seven in the morning to three in the afternoon, or from eight in the morning to four in the afternoon, subject to the usual hours for meals;

(3) That male young persons of not less than sixteen years of age may be employed in the same manner as if they were male persons exceeding the age of eighteen. 10. Where the occupier of any workshop is a person of the Jewish religion, and it is his custom to keep such workshop closed on Saturday until sunset, it shall be lawful for him to employ young persons or 'women on that day from after sunset until nine o'clock at night.

CHAPTER VII.

DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES USED IN
TRADES.

VARIOUS Acts of Parliament have been passed with a view to regulate the storing and sale of highly explosive or poisonous substances, with which the medical officer of health should be familiar.

EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS.

THE GUNPOWDER, ETC. ACT AMENDMENT ACT, 1861. (24 & 25 Vict. c. 130.)

Transfer of Licensing Powers.

Section 1. All powers of granting licenses by the said Act given to justices of the peace at their general quarter sessions shall be transferred to and vested in the justices in petty sessions assembled; and the justices shall hold special petty sessions of the peace in their several divisions for granting such licenses at such times as they think expedient; and all powers thereby transferred shall be exercised by the justices in petty sessions assembled within their respective divisions in the same manner in which the same are by the said Act required to be exercised by the justices at their general quarter sessions, or as near thereto as circumstances will admit..

Table of Fees..

Section 2.-The justices in each petty sessional division may, with the sanction of one of Her Majesty's principal Secretaries of State, regulate the mode in which appli

cations for licenses under this Act are to be made, and make a scale of fees to be charged in respect of such licenses.

Construction of Act.

Section 3.-This Act, so far as is consistent with the tenor thereof, shall be construed as one with the said Act of the 23rd and 24th years of the reign of Her present Majesty, chapter 139.

Section 18 of Recited Act to apply to Manufacturers of Safety Fuzees.

Section 4. And whereas it is necessary for the manufacturers of safety fuzees to have and keep for the purpose of such manufacture large quantities of gunpowder: Be it enacted that such manufacturers shall be within and subject to all the provisions of the 18th section of the said recited Act, in like manner as the manufacturers of cartridges, fireworks, and rockets; and, further, that it shall be lawful for such manufacturers of safety fuzees to keep exclusively for the use of such manufacture the respective quantities of gunpowder mentioned in the 19th section of the said Act, in like manner as the same may be kept for the use of any mine, quarry, or colliery, but subject to all the restrictions and conditions mentioned and provided in the said section.

THE CARRIAGE AND DEPOSIT OF DANGEROUS GOODS ACT, 1866.

(29 & 30 Vict. c. 69.)

Nitro-glycerine to be Deemed Dangerous.

Section 1.-The goods or article commonly known as nitro-glycerine or glonoine oil shall be deemed to be specially dangerous within the meaning of this Act.

Other Goods may be Declared so by Order in Council. Section 2.-Her Majesty may from time to time, by Order in Council, declare that any goods named in any such order (other than nitro-glycerine or glonoine oil) are to be

deemed specially dangerous within the meaning of this Act; and may from time to time amend or repeal any such order; and any goods which are by any such order declared to be specially dangerous shall, so long as such order is in force, be deemed to be specially dangerous within the meaning of this Act.

Such Goods to be Marked, and Notice to be given of their

Character.

Section 3.-No person shall deliver any goods which are specially dangerous to any warehouse owner or carrier, or send or carry, or cause to be sent or carried, any such goods upon any railway or in any ship to or from any part of the United Kingdom, or in any other public conveyance, or deposit any such goods in or on any warehouse or quay, unless the true name or description of such goods, with the addition of the words, "Specially dangerous," is distinctly written, printed, or marked on the outside of the package, nor in the case of delivery to or deposit with any warehouse owner or carrier, without also giving notice in writing to him of the name or description of such goods, and of their being specially dangerous. And any person who commits a breach of this enactment shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding five hundred pounds, or at the discretion of the court to imprisonment, with or without hard labour, for any term not exceeding two years.

Provision for Case of Absence of Knowledge of Nature of Goods.

Section 4.-Provided always, as follows: (1) Any person convicted of a breach of the last foregoing enactment shall not be liable to imprisonment, or to a penalty of more than two hundred pounds, if he shows to the satisfaction of the court and jury before whom he is convicted that he did not know the nature of the goods to which the indictment relates;

(2) Any person accused of having committed a breach of the said enactment shall not be liable to be

convicted thereof if he shows to the satisfaction of the court and jury before whom he is tried that he did not know the nature of the goods to which the indictment relates, and that he could not, with reasonable diligence, have obtained such knowledge.

As to Forfeiture of such Goods.

Section 5.-Where goods are delivered, sent, carried, or deposited in contravention of the said enactment, the same shall be forfeited, and shall be disposed of in such manner as the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury or (in case of importation) the Commissioners of Customs direct, whether any person is liable to be convicted of a breach of the said enactment or not.

Warehouse Owners, &c. not Bound to Receive such Goods.

Section 6.-No warehouse owner or carrier shall be bound to receive or carry any goods which are specially dangerous.

Interpretation of Owner and Carrier.

Section 7.-In construing this Act the term "warehouse owner" shall include all persons or bodies of persons owning or managing any warehouse, store, quay, or other premises in which goods are deposited; and the word "carrier" shall include all persons or bodies of persons carrying goods or passengers for hire by land or water.

Short Title.

Section 10. This Act may be cited as "The Carriage and Deposit of Dangerous Goods Act, 1866.”

THE NITRO-GLYCERINE ACT, 1869.

(32 & 33 Vict. c. 113.)

Short Title.

Section 1. This Act may be cited for all purposes as

"The Nitro-glycerine Act, 1869."