Climate, as a limit to the range of mammalia,
i. 11

gradual change of, before the glacial epoch,
i. 41

Clinteria, ii. 494

CLIONIDÆ, ii. 531
Clostophis, ii. 520
Clupea, ii. 454
CLUPEIDE, ii. 454
Clymenia, ii. 209
Clypeicterus, ii. 282
Clytoctantes, ii. 104
Clytolana, ii. 108
Clytus, ii. 501
Cnidoglanis, ii. 441
Cnipodectes, ii. 101

Cnipolegus, ii. 101, 291

Cobitis, ii. 453

Cobras, ii. 382

Coccothraustes, ii. 284

Coccygus, ii. 309

Coccystes, ii. 310
Cochlognathus, ii. 452
Cochlostyla, ii. 514
Cochlothraustes, ii. 309
Cochoa, ii. 269

Cockatoos, ii. 324
Cockles, ii. 535

Cocos Islands, bird of, ii. 60

Cocytia, ii. 481

Caligena, ii. 107

Calodon, ii. 245

Calonotus, ii. 457

Calopeltis, ii. 377

Cælosterna, ii. 501

Canonympha, ii. 471

Cæreba, ii. 278

CEREBIDÆ, ii. 278

Cogia, ii. 208

Colaptes, ii. 304

Coleoptera, families selected for study, i. 103
Palearctic, i. 188

number of Palearctic species, i. 189

of Central Europe, i. 196

of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205

of the Cape Verd Islands, i. 215

of the Ethiopian region, i. 256

S. African, í. 268

of Madagascar, i. 282, 283

of the Oriental region, 1. 319

of Indo-Malay sub-region, i. 342

of the Australian region, i. 405

affinity of Australian and South American

Dicamptodon, ii. 413

Diceratherium, N. American Tertiary, i. 137
Dicerca, ii. 496

Dicerobatis, ii. 463

Dichobune, European Eocene, i. 126

Dicotyles, N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130
N. American Tertiary, i. 137

in Brazilian caves, i. 144

8. American Pliocene, i. 146
birthplace and migrations of, i. 155
ii. 215
Dicotyline, ii. 214

Dicrocerus, European Miocene, i. 120
ii. 220

Dicrodon, ii. 390
Dicroglossus, ii. 421
Dicrorrhagia, ii. 474
DICRURIDE, ii. 269
Dicrurus, ii. 269
DIDELPHYIDÆ, ii. 248

Didelphys, European Eocene, i. 126
N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130
in Brazilian caves, i. 145

Derous, ii. 478

Dermatocera, ii. 520

Dermatochelys, ii. 409

Deroptyus, ii. 328

Dermognathus, ii. 413

Diplommatina, ii. 520

Desman of S. Russia, figure of, i. 219

Desmodus, ii. 182

Deudorix, il 477

Diplopelma, ii. 416

Diplopoma, ii. 521

Diplopterus, ii. 309

Desert-snakes, ii. 377

Diplomystax, ii. 443

Diadema, ii. 474

Diagramma, ii. 426

Dibamus, ii. 372

DIBRANCHIATA, ii. 505

DICÆIDÆ, ii, 277

Dicalus, ii. 490

Dicum, ii. 277

Dicallaneura, ii. 475

DIPNOI, ii. 458

DIPODIDÆ, ii. 231

Dipodomys, ii. 233

Dippers, ii. 263

Diprotodon, Australian Post-Tertiary, i. 157

ii. 251

DIPSADIDÆ, ii. 379

Distribution, affected by climate, i. 5

affected by physical features, i. 5
contrasts of, in similar climates, i. 5
similarities of, in diverse climates, i. 6
barriers as affecting, i. 6

study of, dependent on a good classifica-
tion, i. 83

of animals an adjunct to geology, i. 8

of animals requires certain preliminary
studies, i. 8

of animals dependent on physical geo-
graphy, i. 35

of animals, as affected by the glacial
epoch, i. 40

of animals, as affected by changes of
vegetation, i 43

of animals, as affected by organic changes,
i. 44

of animals, hypothetical illustration of,
i. 46

of animals, complexity of the causes af-
fecting the, i. 49

of animals, problems in, i. 51

of plants, as affected by the glacial epoch
i. 42

Dolerisca, ii. 107

Eagles, ii. 347

Eared Seals, ii. 202
Ear-shells, ii. 511

E.

East Africa, geographical features of, i. 258
wide range of genera and species over,
i. 259

few special types in, i. 260

East African sub-region, description of, i.